Mercian Network

Resources on the History, Literature, Language and Material Culture of Mercia

Secondary Literature

Literary and Cultural History, Codicology

• Bond, G., 'Links between Beowulf and Mercian History', Studies in Philology 40 (1943), 481-93
• Vleeskruyer, R., ed., The Life of St. Chad: An Old English Homily (Amsterdam, 1953)
• Sisam, K., 'Canterbury, Lichfield, and the Vespasian Psalter', Review of English Studies 7 (1956), 1-10 and 113-31
• Kuhn, S. M., 'Some Early Mercian Manuscripts', Review of English Studies 8 (1957), 355-74
• Vleeskruyer, R., Review of P. Mertens-Fonck, A Glossary of the Vespasian Psalter, English Studies 44 (1963), 134-5
• Whitelock, D., 'The Prose of Alfred's Reign', Continuations and Beginnings: Studies in Old English Literature, ed. E. G. Stanley (London, 1966), pp. 67-103
• Wheeler, H., 'Aspects of Mercian Art: The Book of Cerne', Mercian Studies, ed. A. Dornier (Leicester, 1977), pp. 235-44
• Ford, D., 'A Note on a "Grant by Aethelbald, King of Mercia, to Ealdorman Cyneberht, of Land at Stour in Ismere, Worcs" (no. 154 in Birch)', English Place-Name Society Journal 12 (1980) 66-9
• Thacker, A. T, 'Chester and Gloucester: Early Ecclesiastical Organization in Two Mercian Burhs', Northern History 18 (1982), 199-211
• Plunkett, S. J., 'Mercian and West Saxon Decorative Stone-Sculpture: Schools, Styles, and Patterns of Influence' (PhD diss., University of Cambridge, 1984)
• Thacker, A. T. 'Kings, Saints and Monasteries in pre-Viking Age Mercia', Midland History 10 (1985), 1-25
• Langefeld, B., ‘A Third Old English Translation of Part of Gregory’s Dialogues, this Time Embedded in the Rule of Chrodegang’, Anglo-Saxon England 15 (1986), 197-204
• Brown, M., 'Paris, Bibliothèque National, lat. 10861 and the Scriptorium of Christ Church, Canterbury', Anglo-Saxon England 15 (1986), 119-37
• Bately, J. M., ‘Old English Prose before and during the Reign of Alfred’, Anglo-Saxon England 17 (1988), 93-138, at 98-114
• Brown, M. P., 'The Mercian Supremacy: Manuscripts', The Making of England: Anglo-Saxon Art and Culture AD 600-900, ed. L. Webster and J. Backhouse (London, 1991), pp. 195-202 and 205-20
• Bassett, S., 'Church and Diocese in the West Midlands: The Transition from British to Anglo-Saxon Control', Pastoral Care Before the Parish, ed. J. Blair and R. Sharpe (Leicester, 1992), 13-40
• French, K. L., 'The Legend of Lady Godiva and the Image of the Female Body', Journal of Medieval History 18 (1992), 3-19
• Higham, N. J., 'King Cearl, the Battle of Chester and the Origins of the Mercian "overkingship"', Midland History (1992) 1-15
• Bullough, D. A., 'What has Ingeld to do with Lindisfarne?', Anglo-Saxon England 22 (1993) 93-125
• Brooks, B., 'Archbishop Wulfred (805-832) and the Lordship of Minster-in-Thanet in the Early Ninth Century', Downside Review 111 (1993), 211-27
• Gatch, M. McC., 'Miracles in Architectural Settings: Christ Church, Canterbury and St. Clement's, Sandwich in the Old English Vision of Leofric', Anglo-Saxon England 22 (1993), 227-52
• Langefeld, B., ‘Regula canonicorum or Regula monasterialis uitae? The Rule of Chrodegang and Archbishop Wulfred’s Reforms at Canterbury’, Anglo-Saxon England 25 (1996), 21–36
• Brown, M. P., The Book of Cerne: Prayer, Patronage and Power in Ninth-Century England (London, 1996)
• Keynes, S., 'The Reconstruction of a Burnt Cottonian Manuscript: The Case of Cotton MS. Otho A.I', British Library Journal 22 (1996), 113-60
• Gameson, R., 'Book Production and Decoration at Worcester in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries', St Oswald of Worcester: Life and Influence, ed. N. Brooks and C. Cubitt (Leicester, 1996), pp. 194-243
• Corrêa, A., 'The Liturgical Manuscripts of Oswald's Houses', St Oswald of Worcester: Life and Influence, ed. N. Brooks and C. Cubitt (Leicester, 1996), pp. 285-324
• Rankin, S., Some Reflections on Liturgical Music at Late Anglo-Saxon Worcester', St Oswald of Worcester: Life and Influence, ed. N. Brooks and C. Cubitt (Leicester, 1996), pp. 325-48
• Coates, R.,'The Scriptorium of the Mercian Rushworth Gloss: A Bilingual Perspective', Notes and Queries 44 (1997), 453-8
• Rumble, A. R., 'Ad Lapidem in Bede and a Mercian martyrdom', Names, Places and People: An Onomastic Miscellany in Memory of John McNeal Dodgson, ed. A. R. Rumble and A. D. Mills (Stamford, 1997), pp. 307-19
• Peacock, D. P. S., 'Charlemagne's Black Stones: The Re-use of Roman Columns in Early Medieval Europe', Antiquity 71 (1997), 709-15
• Szarmach, P. E., 'Æthelflæd of Mercia: Mise en page', Words and Works: Studies in Medieval English Language and Literature in Honour of Fred C. Robinson, ed. P. S. Baker and N. Howe (Toronto, 1998), pp. 105-26
• Jones, G., 'Penda's Footprint? Place-names Containing Personal Names Associated with those of Early Mercian Kings', Nomina 21 (1998), 29-62
• Gretsch, M., 'The Junius Psalter Gloss: its Historical and Cultural Context', Anglo-Saxon England 29 (2000), 85-121
• Brown, M. P. and C. A. Farr, ed., Mercia: An Anglo-Saxon Kingdom in Europe (London, 2001)
• Brown, M. P. and C. Farr, 'Introduction: Mercia, a Culture in Context', Mercia: An Anglo-Saxon Kingdom in Europe, ed. J. P. Brown and C. A. Farr (London, 2001), pp. 1-10
• Brown, M. P., ‘Mercian Manuscripts? The ‘Tiberius’ Group and Its Historical Context’, Mercia: An Anglo-Saxon Kingdom in Europe, ed. J. P. Brown and C. A. Farr (London, 2001), pp. 279-90
• Brown, M. P., ‘Female Book-Ownership and Production in Anglo-Saxon England: The Evidence of the Ninth-Century Prayerbooks’, Lexis and Texts in Early English: Studies Presented to Jane Roberts, ed. C. J. Kay and L. M. Sylvester, Costerus ns 133 (Leiden, 2001), pp. 45-67
• Heighway, C., 'Gloucester and the New Minster of St Oswald', Edward the Elder, 899-924, ed. N. J. Higham and D. H. Hill (London, 2001), pp. 102-11
• Crick, J. 'Offa, Ælfric and the Refoundation of St Albans', Alban and St Albans: Roman and Medieval Architecture, Art and Archaeology, ed. M. Henig and P. G. Lindley, British Archaeological Association Conference Transactions 24 (Leeds, 2001), pp. 78-84
• Liuzza, R. M., ‘Religious Prose’, A Companion to Anglo-Saxon Literature, ed. P. Pulsiano and E. Treharne, Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture 11 (Oxford, 2001), pp. 233-50
• Roberts, J., ‘Hagiography and Literature: The Case of Guthlac of Crowland’, Mercia: An Anglo-Saxon Kingdom in Europe, ed. J. P. Brown and C. A. Farr (London, 2001), pp. 69-86
• Stanton, R., The Culture of Translation in Anglo-Saxon England (Cambridge, 2002), pp. 56-9
• Schreiber, C., ‘Dialects in Contact in Ninth-Century England’, in Bookmarks from the Past: Studies in Honour of Helmut Gneuss, ed. L. Kornexl and U. Lenker (Frankfurt a. M., 2003), pp. 1-31
• Briggs, B., 'Expulsio, proscriptio, exilium: Exile and Friendship in the Writings of Osbert of Clare', Exile in the Middle Ages: Selected Proceedings from the International Medieval Congress, University of Leeds, 8-11 July 2002, ed. L. Napran and E. van Houts, International Medieval Research 13 (Turnhout, 2004), pp. 131-44
• Garrison, M., 'Les correspondences d’Alcuin', Annales de Bretagne et des pays de l'Ouest 111 (2004), 230-1
• Atherton, M., 'Mentions of Offa in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Beowulf and Widsith', Æthelbald and Offa: Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia. Papers from a Conference Held in Manchester in 2000, Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies, ed. D. Hill and M. Worthington, British Archaeological Reports, British Series 383 (Oxford, 2005), pp. 65-74
• Garrison, M., 'Quid Hinieldus cum Christo?', Latin Learning and English Lore, I: Studies in Anglo-Saxon Literature for Michael Lapidge, ed. K. O'Brien O’Keeffe and A. Orchard, Toronto Old English Series 14 (Toronto, 2005), pp. 237-59
• Higham, N. J., 'Guthlac's Vita, Mercia and East Anglia in the First Half of the Eighth Century', Æthelbald and Offa: Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia. Papers from a Conference Held in Manchester in 2000, Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies, ed. D. Hill and M. Worthington, British Archaeological Reports, British Series 383 (Oxford, 2005), pp. 85-90
• Yorke, B. A. E., 'Æthelbald, Offa and the Patronage of Nunneries', Æthelbald and Offa: Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia. Papers from a Conference Held in Manchester in 2000, Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies, ed. D. Hill and M. Worthington, British Archaeological Reports, British Series 383 (Oxford, 2005), pp. 43-8
• Keynes, S., 'Between Bede and the Chronicle: London, BL, Cotton Vespasian B. vi, fols. 104-9', Latin Learning and English Lore, I: Studies in Anglo-Saxon Literature for Michael Lapidge, ed. K. O'Brien O’Keeffe and A. Orchard, Toronto Old English Series 14 (Toronto, 2005), pp. 47-67
• Martin, R., 'The Lives of the Offas: The Posthumous Reputation of Offa, King of the Mercians', Æthelbald and Offa: Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia. Papers from a Conference Held in Manchester in 2000, Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies, ed. D. Hill and M. Worthington, British Archaeological Reports, British Series 383 (Oxford, 2005), pp. 49-54
• Matthews, S., 'Legends of Offa: The Journey to Rome', Æthelbald and Offa: Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia. Papers from a Conference Held in Manchester in 2000, Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies, ed. D. Hill and M. Worthington, British Archaeological Reports, British Series 383 (Oxford, 2005), pp. 55-58
• Meaney, A. L., 'Felix's Life of Guthlac: History or Hagiography?', Æthelbald and Offa: Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia. Papers from a Conference Held in Manchester in 2000, Manchester Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies, ed. D. Hill and M. Worthington, British Archaeological Reports, British Series 383 (Oxford, 2005), pp. 75-84
• Stafford, P. A., 'Reading Women in Annals: Eadburg, Cuthburg, Cwenburg and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles', Agire da donna: Modelli e pratiche di rappresentazione (secoli VI-X). Atti del convegno (Padova, 18-19 febbraio 2005), ed. C. L. A. Rocca, Haut Moyen Age 3 (Turnhout, 2007), pp. 269-89
• Brown, M. P., 'The Barberini Gospels: Context and Intertextual Relationships', Text, Image, Interpretation: Studies in Anglo-Saxon Literature and its Insular Context in Honour of Eamonn Ó Carragáin, ed. A. Minnis and J. Roberts (Turnhout, 2007), pp. 89-116
• Charles-Edwards, G. and H. McKee, 'Lost Voices from Anglo-Saxon Lichfield', Anglo-Saxon England 37 (2008), 79-89
• Leneghan, F., 'The Poetic Purpose of the Offa-Digression in Beowulf', Review of English Studies 60 (2009), 538-60
• Crick, J., 'Insular History? Forgery and the English Past in the Tenth Century', England and the Continent in the Tenth Century: Studies in Honour of Wilhelm Levison (1876-1947), ed. D. Rollason and H. Williams, Studies in the Early Middle Ages 37 (Turnhout, 2010), 515-44
• Brady, L., 'Echoes of Britons on a Fenland Frontier in the Old English Andreas', Review of English Studies 61 (2010), 669-89
• Rowley, S., The Old English Version of Bede’s Historia ecclesiastica, Anglo-Saxon Studies 16 (Cambridge, 2011), pp. 41-6
• Gem, R., Architecture, Liturgy and Romanitas at All Saints' Church, Brixworth, Brixworth Lectures ss 8 (Leicester, 2011)
• Clarke, C. A. M., 'Remembering Anglo-Saxon Mercia in Late Medieval and Early Modern Chester', Mapping the Medieval City: Space, Place and Identity in Chester, c. 1200-1600, ed. C. M. Clarke (Cardiff, 2011), pp. 201-18
• Hawk, B. W., 'Staffordshire Hoard Item Number 550, a Ward Against Evil', Notes and Queries 58 (2011), 1-3
• Bergius, G. C. C., 'The Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture of Mercia as Evidence for Continental Influence and Cultural Exchange' (PhD diss., University of Durham, 2012)
• Hare, M., 'Deerhurst's Earliest Patrons: Æthelmund and Æthelric', Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society 130 (2012) 151-82
• Pace, E., ', Geoffrey's “Very Old Book” and Penda of Mercia', Arthuriana 22 (2012), 53-74
• Irvine, S., ‘English Literature in the Ninth Century’, The Cambridge History of Early Medieval English Literature, ed. C. A. Lees (Cambridge, 2013), pp. 209-31, at 212-13
• Rauer, C., ed., The Old English Martyrology: Edition, Translation and Commentary, Anglo-Saxon Texts 10 (Cambridge, 2013), pp. 13-15
• Wallis, C., 'The Old English Bede: Transmission and Textual History in Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts' (PhD diss., University of Sheffield, 2013)
• Rauer, C., ‘Errors and Textual Problems in the Old English Martyrology’, Neophilologus 97 (2013), 147-64
• Waite, G., ‘The Old English Bede and the Glosses in the Tiberius Bede’, Parergon 30 (2013), 1-49
• Brown, M. P., 'Mercian Manuscripts: The Implications of the Staffordshire Hoard, other Recent Discoveries, and the 'New Materiality'', Writing in Context: Insular Manuscript Culture 500-1200, ed. E. Kwakkel (Leiden, 2013), pp. 22-64
• Waite, G., ‘Translation Style, Lexical Systems, Dialect Vocabulary, and the Manuscript Transmission of the Old English Bede’, Medium Ævum 83 (2014), 1-48
• Gneuss, H. and M. Lapidge, Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts: A Bibliographical Handlist of Manuscripts and Manuscript Fragments Written or Owned in England up to 1100 (Toronto, 2014)
• Toswell, M. J., The Anglo-Saxon Psalter, Medieval Church Studies 10 (Turnhout, 2014)
• Gneuss, H., and M. Lapidge, Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts: A Bibliographical Handlist of Manuscripts and Manuscript Fragments Written or Owned in England up to 1100 (Toronto, 2014)
• Grossi, J., 'Barrow Exegesis: Quotation, Chorography, and Felix's Life of Guthlac', Florilegium 30 (2014 for 2013), 143-65
• Snook, B., 'When Aldhelm met the Vikings: Advanced Latinity in Ninth-Century Mercian Charters', Mediaevistik 26 (2014 for 2013), 111-48
• Coates, R., ''Worthy' of Great Respect', Journal of the English Place-Name Society 44 (2013 for 2012), 36-43
• Irvine, S., ‘The Alfredian Prefaces and Epilogues’, A Companion to Alfred the Great, ed. N. G. Discenza and P. E. Szarmach, Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition 58 (Leiden, 2015), pp. 143-70
• Johnson, D. F., ‘Alfredian Apocrypha: The Old English Dialogues and Bede’, A Companion to Alfred the Great, ed. N. G. Discenza and P. E. Szarmach, Brill’s Companions to the Christian Tradition 58 (Leiden, 2015), pp. 368-95
• Rowley, S. M., 'The Long Ninth Century and the Prose of King Alfred's Reign', 2015, http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com
• Waite, G., 'The Preface to the Old English Bede: Authorship, Transmission, and Connection with the West Saxon Genealogical Regnal List', Anglo-Saxon England 44 (2015), 31-93
• Rauer, C., ‘The Old English Martyrology and Anglo-Saxon Glosses’, Latinity and Identity in Anglo-Saxon England, ed. R. Stephenson and E. V. Thornbury (Toronto, 2016)
• Atherton, M., 'Mentions of Offa in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Beowulf and Widsith', Æthelbald and Offa: Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia, ed. D. Hill and M. Worthington, British Archaeological Reports British Series 383 (Oxford, 2016), pp. 65-74
• Meaney, A., 'Felix's Life of Guthlac: History or Hagiography?, Æthelbald and Offa: Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia, ed. D. Hill and M. Worthington, British Archaeological Reports British Series 383 (Oxford, 2016), pp. 75-84
• Higham, N. J., 'Guthlac's Vita, Mercia and East Anglia in the First Half of the Eighth Century', Æthelbald and Offa: Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia, ed. D. Hill and M. Worthington, British Archaeological Reports British Series 383 (Oxford, 2016), pp. 85-90
• Rusche, P. G., 'The Glosses to the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Benedictine Reform: Was Aldred Trained in the Southumbrian Glossing Tradition?', The Old English Gloss to the Lindisfarne Gospels: Language, Author and Context, ed. J. Fernánez Cuesta and S. M. Pons-Sanz (Berlin, 2016), pp. 61-77
• Brady, L., 'Colonial Desire or Political Disengagement? The Contested Landscape of Guthlac A', Journal of English and Germanic Philology 115 (2016), 61-78
• Brown, M. P., 'Imagining, Imaging, and Experiencing the East in Insular and Anglo-Saxon Cultures: New Evidence for Contact', Anglo-Saxon England and the Visual Imagination, ed. J. D. Niles, S. S. Klein and J. Wilcox, Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies 461 (Tempe, 2016), pp. 48-84
• Wragg, S., ‘Vernacular Literature in Eighth- and Ninth-Century Mercia’ (DPhil diss., University of Oxford, 2017)
• Rauer, C., 'Early Mercian Text Production: Authors, Dialects, and Reputations', Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 77 (2017), 541-58
• Appleton, H. and M. Robinson, 'Further Echoes of Vergil’s Aeneid in Felix’s Vita sancti Guthlaci', Notes and Queries 64 (2017), 353-5
• Gallagher, R., 'The Vernacular in Anglo-Saxon Charters: Expansion and Innovation in Ninth-Century England', Historical Research 91 (2018), 205-35
• Wragg, S. J., 'The Early Texts of the Cult of Saint Guthlac', English Studies 100 (2019), 253-72
• Gallagher, R. and F. Tinti, 'Latin, Old English and Documentary Practice at Worcester from Wærferth to Oswald', Anglo-Saxon England 46 (2019 for 2017), 271-325
• Higham, N. J., 'Theodore’s Peace', The Land of the English Kin: Studies in Wessex and Anglo-Saxon England in Honour of Professor Barbara Yorke, ed. A. J. Langlands and R. Lavelle, Brill's Series on the Early Middle Ages 26. (Leiden, 2020), pp. 197-213
• Thacker, A., 'St Wærburh: The Multiple Identities of a Regional Saint', The Land of the English Kin: Studies in Wessex and Anglo-Saxon England in Honour of Professor Barbara Yorke, ed. A. J. Langlands and R. Lavelle, Brill's Series on the Early Middle Ages 26. (Leiden, 2020), pp. 443-66
• Brady, L., 'Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 144 and 402: Mercian Intellectual Culture in Pre-Conquest England (and Beyond)', Medieval Manuscripts in the Digital Age, ed. B. Albritton, G. Henley and E. Treharne (London, 2020), pp. 142-53
• Roberts J. and A. Thacker, ed., Guthlac: Crowland's Saint, (Donington, 2020)
• Farr, C. A., 'Red-Handed in the Barberini Gospels: The Rubricator Did It', Peopling Insular Art: Practice, Performance, Perception, ed. C. Thickpenny, K. Forsyth, J. Geddes and K. Mathis (Oxford, 2020), pp. 3-11
• Orchard, A., 'Lege feliciter, scribe felicius: the Originality of the Vita S. Guthlaci', Guthlac: Crowland's Saint, ed. J. Roberts and A. Thacker (Donington, 2020), pp. 25-54
• Brooks, B., 'Felix's Construction of the English Fenlands: Landscape, Authorizing Allusion, and Lexical Echo', Guthlac: Crowland's Saint, ed. J. Roberts and A. Thacker (Donington, 2020), pp. 55-71
• Bacola, M., 'Vacuas in auras recessit? Reconsidering the Relevance of Embedded Heroic Material in the Guthlac Narrative', Guthlac: Crowland's Saint, ed. J. Roberts and A. Thacker (Donington, 2020), pp. 72-85
• Lynch, T., 'Ritual in Felix's Life of St Guthlac', Guthlac: Crowland's Saint, ed. J. Roberts and A. Thacker (Donington, 2020), pp. 86-96
• Voth, C., 'Three Tenth-Century Latin Manuscripts of Felix's Vita S. Guthlaci', Guthlac: Crowland's Saint, ed. J. Roberts and A. Thacker (Donington, 2020), pp. 116-37
• Wragg, S., 'Guthlac A and the Cult of Guthlac', Guthlac: Crowland's Saint, ed. J. Roberts and A. Thacker (Donington, 2020), pp. 214-28
• Hawtree, R., 'Saintly Snyttrucræft: Meditation and Divine Love in the Old English Guthlac A', Guthlac: Crowland's Saint, ed. J. Roberts and A. Thacker (Donington, 2020), pp. 229-41
• Roberts, J., 'Guthlac on a Roll: BL, Harley MSY. 6', Guthlac: Crowland's Saint, ed. J. Roberts and A. Thacker (Donington, 2020), pp. 242-76
• Kearns, T., 'Oswald of Worcester and the Lost Ideologies of Tenth-Century Anglo-Saxon Monastic Reform', Revue bénédictine 131 (2021), 407-27
• Rauer, C., 'The Earliest English Prose', Journal of Medieval History 47 (2021), 485-96
• Anlezark, D., 'Alfred and the East', Ideas of the World in Early Medieval English Literature, ed. M. Atherton, K. Karasawa and F. Leneghan, Studies in Old English Literature 1 (Turnhout, 2022), pp. 43-67 [on London and SS Bartholomew and Thomas]
• Hardie, R., ed., Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, and Women in Tenth Century (Berlin, 2023)
• Voth, C., 'Voices of Tenth-Century Women in the Book of Nunnaminster and Royal Prayerbook', Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, and Women in Tenth Century, ed. R. Hardie (Berlin, 2023), pp. 187-223
• Klein, S., 'Fictions of Queenship in Asser's Vita Alfredi', Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, and Women in Tenth Century, ed. R. Hardie (Berlin, 2023), pp. 225-53
• Walker, V. E. H., 'Historical Models of Male and Female Power: The Old English Orosius in the Tenth Century', Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, and Women in Tenth Century, ed. R. Hardie (Berlin, 2023), pp. 253-76
• Lees, C. A., 'Remembering Æthelflæd, 1854-2019', Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, and Women in Tenth Century, ed. R. Hardie (Berlin, 2023), pp. 277-301
• Rauer, C., ‘Old English Literature before Alfred: The Mercian Dimension’, The Age of Alfred: Rethinking English Literary Culture c.850–950, ed. F. Leneghan and A. Faulkner, Studies in Old English Literature 3 (Turnhout, 2024), pp. 51-71

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